Signorini et al. (2016): Global Aesthetics Consensus – Avoidance and Management of Complications from Hyaluronic Acid Fillers
M. Signorini, S. Liew, H. Sundaram, K.L. De Boulle, G.J. Goodman, G. Monheit, Y. Wu, A.R. Trindade de Almeida, A. Swift, A.V. Braz · Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 2016PMID: 27219265
Supports: Multinational expert consensus (Global Aesthetics Consensus Group) providing evidence- and opinion-based recommendations for avoiding and managing HA filler complications. Confirms serious adverse events are rare; most reactions are mild and transient. Covers vascular infarction protocols, inflammatory reactions, nodules, granulomas, and skin discoloration management.
Limitations: Consensus-based (evidence + opinion), not a clinical trial. Focused on Hylacross and Vycross HA products specifically.
View on PubMed →Suwanchinda et al. (2018): The Layered Anatomy of the Jawline
A. Suwanchinda, C. Rudolph, C. Hladik, K.L. Webb, A. Custozzo, J. Muste, G. Schalet, H. Hamade, K. Frank, A. Patel, S. Cotofana · Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, 2018PMID: 30091282
Supports: Cadaveric dissection study (N=72 specimens, 32 male/40 female) with MRI/CT imaging support. No major neurovascular structures found in subdermal or subcutaneous planes. Identified jowl deformity caused by loose platysma adherence posterior to mandibular ligament. Submental sulcus caused by osteo-cutaneous submental septum. Labiomandibular sulcus caused by change in subcutaneous fibro-connective arrangement. Supports subdermal and subcutaneous treatment options superficial to platysma.
Limitations: Cadaveric study (mean age 75.2 years, 99% Caucasian); findings may not fully represent younger or more diverse populations. Anatomical study only; no clinical treatment outcomes assessed.
View on PubMed →Schelke, Decates & Velthuis (2018): Ultrasound to Improve the Safety of Hyaluronic Acid Filler Treatments
L.W. Schelke, T.S. Decates, P.J. Velthuis · Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, 2018PMID: 30084182
Supports: Demonstrates ultrasound as a safety tool for HA filler treatments: visualises previous filler deposits pre-treatment, enables vascular mapping, and identifies complications (dislocation, abscesses, vascular adverse events). Allows ultrasound-guided hyaluronidase injection directly into filler deposits for targeted complication management.
Limitations: Descriptive methodology paper, not a clinical trial. No quantitative safety outcome data or comparative analysis with non-ultrasound-guided treatments.
View on PubMed →*PRP London Clinic provides these references for educational purposes. Our Clinical Board regularly reviews emerging peer-reviewed literature to ensure our protocols align with the latest advancements in regenerative medicine.